【大問３ 読解問題】
Read this speech by the journalist Marie Colvin at a church in London and answer the questions below.
I am honored and humbled to be speaking to you at this service tonight to remember the journalists and their support staff who gave their lives to report from the war zones of the 21st century. I have been a war correspondent for most of my professional life. It has always been a hard career to follow. But the need for frontline, objective reporting has never been more important.
Covering a war means going to places torn by chaos, destruction, and death, and trying to bear witness. It means trying to find the truth in a storm of propaganda when armies, tribes, or terrorists clash. And yes, it means taking risks, not just for yourself, but often for the people who work closely with you.
Despite all the videos you see from the Ministry of Defence in Britain or the Pentagon in the United States, and all the carefully controlled language describing smart bombs and pinpoint strikes, the scene on the ground has ( A ). Craters. Burned houses. Dead bodies. Women weeping for children and husbands. Men for their wives, mothers, children. Nothing has really changed.
Our mission is to report these horrors of war with accuracy and without prejudice. We always have to ask ourselves whether the level of risk is worth the story. What is bravery, and what is bravado?
Journalists covering combat bear great responsibilities and face difficult choices. Sometimes they pay the ultimate price. Tonight we honor the 49 journalists and support staff who were killed bringing the news to our shores. We also remember journalists around the world who have been wounded or kidnapped and held hostage for months. It has never been more dangerous to be a war correspondent because the journalist in the combat zone has become a prime target.
I lost my eye in the Sri Lankan civil war. I had gone to the northern Tamil area from which journalists were banned and found an unreported humanitarian disaster. As I was taken back across the internal border, a soldier fired a grenade at me, and pieces of metal sliced into my face and chest. He knew what he was doing.
Just last week, I had a coffee in Afghanistan with a photographer friend, Joao Silva. We talked about the terror one feels and must contain when patrolling with the armed forces through fields and villages in Afghanistan-putting one foot in front of the other, expecting an explosion at any moment. That expectation is the stuff of nightmares. Two days after our meeting, Joao stepped on a landmine and lost both legs at the knee.
Many of you here must have asked yourselves, or be asking yourselves now, is it worth the cost in lives, heartbreak, loss? Does our job really matter so much? I faced that question when I was injured. In fact, one paper ran a headline asking whether Marie Colvin had ( B ) this time. My answer then, and now, was that it is worth it.
Today in this church are friends, colleagues, and families who know exactly what I am talking about, and bear the cost of those experiences, as do their families and loved ones.
Today we must also remember how important it is that news organizations continue to invest in sending us out at great cost, both financial and emotional, to cover stories.
We go to remote war zones to report what is happening. The public has a right to know what our government and armed forces are doing in our name. Our mission is to speak truth to power. We send home that first rough draft of history. We can and ( C ) the horrors of war, especially when it comes to civilians.
The history of our profession is one to be proud of. The first war correspondent in the modern era was William Howard Russell of The Times, who was sent to cover the Crimean conflict when a British led coalition fought an invading Russian army. ( D ) I did so with just a typewriter. It could take days to get my reports back to London.
War reporting has changed greatly in just the last few years. Now we go to war with a satellite phone, a laptop, a video camera, and a bullet-proof jacket. I point my satellite phone southwest in Afghanistan, press a button, and I am done.
In an age of 24/7 rolling news, blogs, and tweets, we are on constant call ( E ). But war reporting is still essentially the same-someone has to go there and see what is happening. You can't get that information without going to places where people are being shot at, and others are shooting at you. The real difficulty is having enough faith in humanity to believe that enough people-be the government, military, or the person on the street-will care when your report reaches the printed page, the website, or the TV screen.
We do have that faith because we believe we perform an essential role. And we could not perform that role without the organizers, drivers, and translators who face the same risks and die in shocking numbers. Today we honor them as much as the frontline journalists who have died in pursuit of the truth. They have kept the faith, as we who remain must continue to do.
Title：Adapted from Our mission is to report these horrors of war with accuracy and without prejudice
Author：Marie Colvin
Website：The Guardian
Date:2012
URL：
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/feb/22/marie-colvin-our-mission-is-to-speak-truth
Reading：
大問３ 設問１：Choose the most suitable answer from those below to fill in blank space ( A ).
(a) become much more complicated than before
(b) highlighted the importance of military training for journalists
(c) made life easy for journalists reporting on war
(d) remained remarkably the same for hundreds of years
(e) taught us the necessity of developing better technology
大問３ 設問２：Choose the most suitable answer from those below to complete the following sentence.
Colvin implies that the soldier who attacked her
(a) had already been badly wounded.
(b) hoped to hold her as a hostage.
(c) knew she lived in the northern Tamil area.
(d) mistook her for an enemy soldier.
(e) was aware that she was a journalist.
大問３ 設問３：Choose the most suitable answer from those below to complete the following sentence.
Choose the most suitable answer from those below to fill in blank space ( B ).
(a) done so little
(b) gained as much
(c) gone too far
(d) recovered more quickly
(e) shown less courage
大問３ 設問４：Use the six words below to fill in blank space ( C ) in the best way. Indicate your choices for the second, fourth, and sixth positions.
(a) a
(b) difference
(e) do
(d) exposing
(e) in
(f) make
大問３ 設問５：Choose the most suitable order of sentences from those below to fill in blank space ( D ).
(a) Billy Russell, as the troops called him, created a storm of public anger back home by revealing inadequate equipment and the shameful treatment of the wounded, especially when they were sent home.
(b) Billy Russell went to war with an open mind, a telescope, a notebook, and a bottle of brandy.
(c) This war reporting was a breakthrough in a field that, until then, had involved junior military officers sending accounts back to newspapers.
大問３ 設問６：Choose the most suitable answer from those below to fill in blank space ( E ).
(a) whatever we seem to know
(b) whenever we want to go
(c) wherever we happen to be
(d) whichever we choose to have
(e) whoever we ask to help
大問３ 設問７：Choose the most suitable answer from those below to complete the following sentence.
Colvin concludes that the toughest part of her job is convincing herself that war reporting
(a) benefits from keeping up to date with the latest technology.
(b) encourages the person on the street to accept the use of smart bombs and pinpoint strikes.
(c) increases readers' support for humanitarian aid by international organizations.
(d) makes people attend church in order to honor the war dead.
(e) persuades people to pay serious attention to the realities of war.
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