順天堂大学 医学部 2016問題２ 解答解説全訳

【問題】：２０１６年　問題２
【形式】：適語補充＋文章理解
【表題】：　
【作者】：
【対策】：
【用語】：
【目安時間】：１５分

【大問２　読解問題】

次の英文を読み,下記の設問に答えなさい。

①　At first glance on a Tuesday morning, this looks like a normal classroom
in any school in Britain. There's a whiteboard, a playground and bustling
teachers.

②　Look closely at the (a)collage of pupil photos on the wall, however, and you see many of them have a tube coming out of their nose or are in a hospital bed. Great Ormond Street Hospital, in Central London, is world famous, but few realise it has its own flourishing school. Funded by the Department for Education, pupils here sit GCSEs tål and A levels, and it is rated Outstanding by Ofsted, the national schools' inspector. Every curriculum subject is covered, and there are school reports and homework. But because of its pupils' medical conditions, there are crucial differences.

（　　１　　）

③　So, yes, it has PE lessons and even a sports day, but the races are in pick up-sticks and juggling; the trophies are awarded not for physical (b)prowess but for “friendship and determination.” Where in ordinary schools punctuality is demanded, here a sign declares： “Please join the lesson at any time — don't worry if you're late.” Coming to class in pyjamas is welcome, and most pupils don't even have to get out of bed.

（　　２　　）

④　The pupils have a range of serious health conditions and, sadly, admits the headmistress Jayne Franklin： “We do lose children. They can die." Any child staying at the hospital for five or more days can join the roll, but half of its pupils are “long-stay” patients; those on dialysis as they wait for kidney transplants or children with cancer, major gastro-intestinal problems and mental health in-patients, all of whom may be in hospital for months, even years.

（　　３　　）

⑤　Ten-year-old Chloe is one long-term patient. She often isn't well enough to come down to the classroom and so is taught one-to-one in her bed on the cardio-respiratory unit by her teacher Bianca. Chloe has cystic fibrosis and for the past year has been staying at the hospital for three out of every eight weeks to have her medication intravenously. Chloe is pale and looks fragile. The pain of her condition, the monotony of spending so much time in hospital is hard. “It's really boring,” she admits. “You want to go home.”

（　　４　　）

⑥　Bianca covers all subjects, liaising with Chloe's school to make sure she is teaching what she would otherwise be missing. Today the subject happens to be biology. Bianca sets up a MacBook on Chloe's bed to show her a video about the heart that her classmates are watching in her hometown of Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. Sitting cross-legged in her bed, stuffed animals at her feet and syringes and medical apparatus behind her, for the one-hour lesson Chloe is completely absorbed. She listens to her heartbeat with a stethoscope, then walks around the ward to understand how heart rate changes with exercise.

（　　５　　）

⑦　Given how unwell the patients are, does a child ever suddenly have a medical emergency in class? Rarely, Franklin says： "The wards are good at identifying who's well enough to come to school. Usually in a ward lesson a doctor will come and do their checks and get involved with the discussion on the Ancient Greeks or photosynthesis.” They have even devised innovative methods of reducing infection. “If a child's in isolation and we're not allowed in to see them, they can Skype into lessons with an iPad.”

⑧　School gives families a healing element of ordinary life in what can be an institutional world of sickness. A １３-year-old in-patient who has had kidney disease and is nearing the end of her third stint in hospital tells me： “I come to the classroom and talk to other people, which is nice rather than sitting in bed all day doing nothing and feeling too warm and sticky. And my mum can go and do the shopping she needs to. At the moment, on steroids, I get stressed a lot and coming here I feel I can relax."

（　　６　　）

⑨　I watch a lively nine-year-old boy reading a book about pirates with his teacher in the kidney ward, while two nurses adjust his dialysis machine. The juxtaposition ３ is extraordinary. The boy is covered in heavy-duty medical equipment and there are screams from the next bed, but he's happily engaged with his teacher, and then greets Woof, a dog who trots into the ward every
Tuesday.

⑩　The school teaches about １,３００ children each year, but only ９０ to １２０ are seen on any one day, with numbers and (c)faces constantly changing; a class could have １ or １５ pupils on different days. At the moment the London College of Fashion is visiting every week to work on a project with the children; other visitors have included the National Portrait Gallery and the Theatre Royal Haymarket.

⑪　Franklin took over as headmistress in ２０１１, after working in a primary school. The school started with just one teacher in １９５１ and now has １５. Franklin wants to get funding for nursery-age children as well as the current ４ to １８-year-olds. “One-to-one teaching is very expensive, so funding's a real issue.”

（　　７　　）

⑫　I end my visit meeting Johnathan, a six-year-old from Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, who spent a full year living at the hospital. He had an immune disorder called chronic granulomatous disease, which made him extremely ill. A bone marrow transplant cured the problem, but complications followed with his heart, which meant more surgery.

（　　８　　）

⑬　Johnathan is now an outpatient, but cannot start mainstream school until December because his cells are still building up immunity from infection. His father says： “The hospital was our second home. The only thing Johnathan liked about hospital was school and his teacher, Kate. When we left hospital he He still was upset; she had a cold so he couldn't say goodbye to her.” regularly talks to Kate using Apple's FaceTime.

Gordon, O. The Times.　２０１３.



問１　英文の内容に合うように、(１)~(７)の空所を補うものとして最も適したものをそれぞれ選択肢１から４の中から選びなさい。

(１) The word (a)collage in paragraph ➁ is closest in meaning to
１. collection
２. file
３. shape
４. memory

(２) Paragraph ➁　implies that
１. the school is privately owned by teachers
２. the school has a good reputation for high-quality education
３. public schools send their teachers to this school
４. teachers are allowed to teach a limited range of subjects

(３) The word (b)prowess in paragraph ③ is closest in meaning to
１. beauty
２. attractiveness
３. ability
４. establishment

(４) Paragraph ⑥ mentions that Chloe listens to her heartbeat because the author wanted to suggest that Chloe
１. wants to be a doctor
２. has a kidney disease
３. is one of the participants in the research
４. learns the subject in a way related to her life

(５) Paragraph ⑧ talks about a １３-year-old in-patient to give an example of aspects of the school.
１. friendly
２. healing
３. ordinary
４. institutional

(６) (c)Faces constantly changing in paragraph ⑩ means (C)
１. students come and go frequently
２. students become more mature
３. the school atmosphere changes dramatically
４. there are many short-term visitors

(７) One of the problems that the school faces is
１. providing appropriate learning materials
２. obtaining sufficient funds
３. attracting many students to study
４. having to say good bye to many students


問２　次の段落([A]と[B])は文中の（　　１　　）から（　　８　　）で示したいずれかの位置に入る。最も適した場所を選択肢１から４の中から選びなさい。

(１)　[A] “Her school friends send her cards and visit, but it is difficult trying to keep her occupied,” her mother Tasha says. Yet the brisk ordinariness of school provides some relief： “Chloe loves having the one-to-one teaching, she's never said 'I don't want Bianca to come today'.” Chloe agrees： “I prefer my school at home because of my friends. But school here really helps."

１. （　　１　　）
２. （　　２　　）
３. （　　３　　）
４. （　　４　　）


(２)　[B] The social and psychological benefits are enormous, agrees Dr Jon Goldin, head of the hospital's mental health unit, where the average length of stay for problems such as eating disorders is five months. “School helps keep their mind alive, keeps them active and keeps them interested,” he says.

１.（　　５　　）
２.（　　６　　）
３.（　　７　　）
４.（　　８　　）


問３　英文の内容に合うように、(１)~(３)の質問に対する答えとして最も適したものをそれぞれ選択肢１から４の中から選びなさい。


(１) What is true about this passage?

１. Pupils need to be healthy enough to walk to classroom to attend school.
２. Pupils can start to study at this school, several days after being admitted to the hospital.
３. Teachers can predict the number of students attending their classes on a day.
４. Teachers accept in class their former students who left hospital and want to study.


(２) Who enjoyed the school life and still talks to his or her former
teacher?

１. Jayne
２. Bianca
３. Johnathan
４. Kate


(３) What is the best title of this passage?

１. You can select the place where you learn.
２. You can learn about diseases at this school.
３. Children wait for permissions from doctors to attend this school.
４. Children love to be taught here, but first they have to be ill.

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