Hiragana ひらがな worksheets free printables>Nihongo Dictionary>日本語

日語 Japanese：ひらがな 平仮名
ローマ字 Romaji：Hiragana　hiragana
英語 English：Plain letter　Simple alias
教材 Learning materials：
Hiranaga 50 chart Worksheet Free PDF Download Q
Hiranaga 50 chart Worksheet Free PDF Download A
Hiranaga Dakuon Diacritics Worksheet Free PDF Download Q
Hiranaga Dakuon Diacritics Worksheet Free PDF Download A
Hiranaga Youon Contractions Worksheet Free PDF Download Q
Hiranaga Youon Contractions Worksheet Free PDF Download A
品詞 Parts of speech：めいし　名詞　Meishi　Noun
意味 Meaning：Hiragana (ひらがな) is a basic character set like ABC, Alphabet in Western culture. Each Hiragana has a sound, for example, あ sounds A, and お sounds O. The Japanese word あお sounds Ao and means blue. Japanese children learn Hiragana in first grade, or Grade 1, public elementary school (小学校) at age six. After the children master Hiragana, they go a stage further: Katakana (カタカナ) and Kanji (漢字). Many introductory textbooks are written with Hurigana (ふりがな), the Hiragana assistant. So, we teachers advise students to start with mastering Hiragana.
平仮名５０音図 Hiranaga 50 chart：

	A	I	U	E	O
ア行	あ	い	う	え	お
ー	a	i	u	e	0
カ行	か	き	く	け	こ
K	ka	ki	ku	ke	ko
サ行	さ	し	す	せ	そ
S	sa	shi	su	se	so
タ行	た	ち	つ	て	と
T	ta	chi	tsu	te	to
ナ行	な	に	ぬ	ね	の
N	na	ni	nu	ne	no
ハ行	は	ひ	ふ	へ	ほ
H	ha	hi	fu	he	ho
マ行	ま	み	む	め	も
M	ma	mi	mu	me	mo
ヤ行	や	い	ゆ	え	よ
Y	ya	yi	yu	ye	yo
ラ行	ら	り	る	れ	ろ
R	ra	ri	ru	re	ro
ワ行	わ	ゐ	う	ゑ	を
W	wa	wi	wu	we	wo
ン行	ん
ー	nn

平仮名濁音 Dakuon Diacritics chart：

	A	I	U	E	O
ガ行	が	ぎ	ぐ	げ	ご
g	ga	gi	gu	ge	go
ザ行	ざ	じ	ず	ぜ	ぞ
z	za	ji	zu	ze	zo
ダ行	だ	ぢ	づ	で	ど
d	da	ji	zu	de	do
バ行	ば	び	ぶ	べ	ぼ
b	ba	bi	bu	be	bo
パ行	ぱ	ぴ	ぷ	ぺ	ぽ
p	pa	pi	pu	pe	po

平仮名拗音 Youon Contractions chart：

	A	I	U	E	O
カ行	きゃ		きゅ		きょ
ky	kya		kyu		kyo
サ行	しゃ		しゅ		しょ
sh	sha		shu		sho
タ行	ちゃ		ちゅ		ちょ
ch	cha		chu		cho
ナ行	にゃ		にゅ		にょ
ny	nya		nyu		nyo
ハ行	ひゃ		ひゅ		ひょ
hy	hya		hyu		hyo
マ行	みゃ		みゅ		みょ
my	mya		myu		myo
ラ行	りゃ		りゅ		りょ
ry	rya		ryu		ryo
ガ行	ぎゃ		ぎゅ		ぎょ
gy	gya		gyu		gyo
ザ行	じゃ		じゅ		じょ
j	ja		ju		jo
ダ行	ぢゃ		ぢゅ		ぢょ
j	ja		ju		jo
バ行	びゃ		びゅ		びょ
by	bya		byu		byo
パ行	ぴゃ		ぴゅ		ぴょ
py	pya		pyu		pyo

漢字 Kanji：
平　Flat　Plain　Simple　Horizon
仮　Temporal　Trasitory　Fake　Disguise
名　Name　Title　Address
例文 Example sentence：
日文 Japanese sentence：
平ひら仮が名なは、日に本ほんの学がっ校こうで、最さい初しょに、学まなびます。
英文 English sentence：
We learn Hiragana first at Japanese school.
語感 Nuanace：どちらも Both　かため Formal　やわらかめ Casual
類義 Synonym：
仮名文字　かなもじ　Kanamoji　Temporal letter
仮名　かな　Kana　Temporal name
手習い　てならい　Tenarai　Hand training
女手　おんなで　Onnade　Woman hand
対義 Antonym：
片仮名　カタカナ　かたかな　Katakana　Half letter
真名　まな　Mana　True name
派生 Derivative：
仮名　かな　Kana　+　文字　もじ　moji　⇒　仮名文字　かなもじ　Kanamoji　Temporal letter
仮名　かな　Kana　+　書き　かき　Kaki　⇒　仮名書き　かなかき　Kanakaki　⇒　連濁　Rendaku　Euphony　⇒　Kaki changes into gaki　⇒　仮名書き　かながき　Kanagaki
韓語 Hanguel：히라가나　(ひらがな)
繁体 Traditional Chinese：平假名　píng jiǎ míng
簡体 Simplified Chinese：平假名　píng jiǎ míng
データ Data：
Mystery of やいゆえよ and わゐうゑを：
い and え in やいゆえよ have been assimilated to あいうえお. いえ in やいゆえよ and いえ in あいうえお are used in the exact same way in modern Japanese: the same letters, the same sounds, and the same meanings.

ゐ and ゑ in わゐうゑを are not used in modern Japanese. Some public schools do not teach these two characters at all. However, they appear in classic Japanese (古典日本語) written before Meiji Restoration (明治維新 1868CE).

The sounds やいゆえよ ( Ya Yi Yu Ye Yo ) and わゐうゑを ( Wa Wi Wu We Wo ) remain in modern Korean (現代韓国語) and modern Chinese (現代中国語).

歴史 History：
After the arrival of Kanji from the Asian continent, people in the Japanese archipelago made Hiragana (ひらがな) and Katakana (カタカナ) by modifying Kanji.

Kanji, Hiragana, and Katakana were used in different situations. Kanji was mainly used in formal documents for writing laws and regulations. Hiragana and Katakana were for daily use. All Hiragana have a cursive form so they are easy to write with a brush on paper, favored by indoor workers. On the contrary, all Katakana have a sharp form so they are easy to carve in stone and wood, favored by outdoor workers.

In the Heian period (平安時代　794CE--1192CE 398years), Kino Tsurayuki (紀貫之), an aristocrat from Kyoto, was asked by the emperor to compile a poetry collection. He wrote the introduction of the collection in both Kanji and Hiragana.

The most influential works written in Hiragana are Iroha Uta (いろは歌),　Kokin Wakashu (古今和歌集), Makurano Soushi (枕草子), and Genji Monogatari (源氏物語). All the works are taught in Japanese public schools.

探究 Further study：
山口仲美(やまぐちなかみ). 日本語の歴史. 2006.

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