Solar Terms 24 Names of Seasons

英語 English：Solar term　
日語 Japanese：二十四節気 (にじゅうしせっき)　
定義 Definition：Solar Terms (二十四節気) are twenty-four periods in a year. Each Solar Term is spaced 15° apart along the ecliptic (黄道).
類義 Synonym：Seasonal calendar　Twenty-four seasons
教材 Learning materials：
Solar Terms Q PDF Download
Solar Terms A PDF Download
Solar Terms Ja-Kanji-Kana-En PDF Download
Ecliptic and Seasons Q PDF Download
Ecliptic and Seasons A PDF Download
意味 Meaning：Solar terms are widely accepted in kanji cultural sphere (漢字文化圏) to synchronize oneself with the coming season. Solar terms date back to ancient Chinese thoughts.
Data 二十四節気 Solar terms 24：

節気	En	Kigo	Date
立春	Spring Stand	Spring	Feb 3/4th
雨水	Water Rain	Spring	Feb 19th
啓蟄	Awaken Insect	Spring	Mar 5th
春分	Vernal Equinox	Spring	Mar 21st
清明	Clear Bright	Spring	Apr 4th
穀雨	Grain Rain	Spring	Apr 19th
立夏	Summer Stand	Summer	May 5th
小満	Handy Charge	Summer	May 20st
芒種	Grain Throw	Summer	Jun 5th
夏至	Summer Solstice	Summer	Jun 21st
小暑	Heat Minor	Summer	Jul 6th
大暑	Heat Major	Summer	Jul 22rd
立秋	Autumn Stand	Autumn	Aug 7th
処暑	Heat Remain	Autumn	Aug 22rd
白露	White Dew	Autumn	Sep 7th
秋分	Autumnal Equinox	Autumn	Sep 22rd
寒露	Cold Dew	Autumn	Oct 8th
霜降	Frost Descent	Autumn	Oct 23rd
立冬	Winter Stand	Winter	Nov 7th
小雪	Snow Minor	Winter	Nov 22nd
大雪	Snow Major	Winter	Dec 7th
冬至	Winter Solstice	Winter	Dec 21nd
小寒	Cold Minor	Winter	Jan 5th
大寒	Cold Major	Winter	Jan 20/21nd

(The dates are calculated every year based on the solar position and may vary slightly.)
節気と社会 Solar terms and society：
The Japanese government sets several national holidays based on Solar Terms every year such as Vernal equinox day (春分の日) and Autumnal Equinox (秋分の日). The Chinese government sets Lunar New Year(春節) based on Solar Terms every year. Solar Terms are often used along with lunar calendar(太陰暦), especially used by the experts managing natural environments.
節気の継承 Solar terms and heritage：
Solar Terms were listed as UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage (無形文化遺産) in 2016.
Solar Terms were inherited as Kigo (季語) in Haiku culture (俳句文化).

二十四節気の計算 How to calculate 24 solar terms：
The sun's path seen from the earth is called the ecliptic (黄道).
The sun moves around the earth in a 360-degree orbit in a year. The angle of this motion is called the ecliptic longitude (黄経), the longitude of the sun.

The zero degree of the ecliptic longitude is defined as the Spring Equinox (春分). From there, the solar terms are inscribed in 15-degree increments: 0 degrees = Spring Equinox, 15 degrees = Clear Bright, 30 degrees = Grain Rain, 45 degrees 45 degrees = Summer Stand, and so forth.

黄道と想像力 Ecliptic and imagination：
In Eastern cultures, the 24 solar terms come from the ecliptic. On the other hand, in Western cultures, the twelve Zodiac signs come from the same ecliptic. By looking up at the night sky, humans have been nurtured their imagination.

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